{"id":13463,"date":"2024-07-17T16:43:21","date_gmt":"2024-07-17T16:43:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/?p=13463"},"modified":"2024-07-17T21:23:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T21:23:38","slug":"ai-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-represents-a-new-frontier-in-cyber-threats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/07\/ai-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-represents-a-new-frontier-in-cyber-threats\/","title":{"rendered":"O worm \"cancro sint\u00e9tico\" alimentado por IA representa uma nova fronteira nas ciberamea\u00e7as"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Os investigadores revelaram um novo tipo de v\u00edrus inform\u00e1tico que aproveita o poder dos modelos de linguagem de grande dimens\u00e3o (LLM) para escapar \u00e0 dete\u00e7\u00e3o e se propagar.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Este \"cancro sint\u00e9tico\", como lhe chamam os seus criadores, \u00e9 o retrato do que poder\u00e1 ser uma nova era no malware.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">David Zollikofer, da ETH Zurich, e Benjamin Zimmerman, da Ohio State University, desenvolveram este malware de prova de conceito como parte da sua candidatura \u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aisafetyprize.ch\/en\">Pr\u00e9mio su\u00ed\u00e7o para a seguran\u00e7a da IA<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sua cria\u00e7\u00e3o, descrita em pormenor numa <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2406.19570\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">papel para pr\u00e9-impress\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> intitulado \"Synthetic Cancer - Augmenting Worms with LLMs\" (Cancro Sint\u00e9tico - Aumentar os Vermes com LLMs), demonstra o potencial da IA para ser explorada para criar novos ataques cibern\u00e9ticos altamente sofisticados.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eis um resumo de como funciona:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Instala\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: O malware \u00e9 inicialmente entregue atrav\u00e9s de um anexo de correio eletr\u00f3nico. Uma vez executado, pode descarregar ficheiros adicionais e potencialmente encriptar os dados do utilizador.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Replica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: A fase interessante utiliza o GPT-4 ou LLMs semelhantes. O worm pode interagir com estes modelos de IA de duas formas: a) Atrav\u00e9s de chamadas API para servi\u00e7os baseados na nuvem, como o GPT-4 da OpenAI. Ou b) Executando um LLM local (que pode ser comum em dispositivos futuros).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de GPT-4\/LLM<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Zollikofer <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2438132-computer-viruses-can-spread-by-using-chatgpt-to-write-sneaky-emails\/?utm_term=Autofeed&amp;utm_campaign=echobox&amp;utm_medium=social&amp;utm_source=Twitter#Echobox=1721192363\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">explicou \u00e0 New Scientist<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Pedimos ao ChatGPT para reescrever o ficheiro, mantendo a estrutura sem\u00e2ntica intacta, mas alterando a forma como as vari\u00e1veis s\u00e3o nomeadas e mudando um pouco a l\u00f3gica.\" O LLM gera ent\u00e3o uma nova vers\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo com nomes de vari\u00e1veis alterados, l\u00f3gica reestruturada e, potencialmente, at\u00e9 mesmo estilos de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o diferentes, tudo isso mantendo a funcionalidade original.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Difus\u00e3o<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: O worm analisa o hist\u00f3rico de correio eletr\u00f3nico do Outlook da v\u00edtima e fornece este contexto \u00e0 IA. O LLM gera ent\u00e3o respostas de correio eletr\u00f3nico contextualmente relevantes, completas com t\u00e1cticas de engenharia social concebidas para encorajar os destinat\u00e1rios a abrir uma c\u00f3pia anexa do worm.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Como podemos ver, o v\u00edrus utiliza a IA em dois dias: para criar c\u00f3digo para se auto-replicar e para escrever conte\u00fados de phishing para continuar a propagar-se. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al\u00e9m disso, t<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">capacidade do worm de reescrever o seu pr\u00f3prio c\u00f3digo representa um problema particularmente dif\u00edcil para os especialistas em ciberseguran\u00e7a, uma vez que pode tornar obsoletas as solu\u00e7\u00f5es antiv\u00edrus tradicionais baseadas em assinaturas. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"O lado do ataque tem algumas vantagens neste momento, porque tem havido mais investiga\u00e7\u00e3o nesse sentido\", observa Zollikofer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os investigadores da Cornell Tech relataram um worm semelhante alimentado por IA em mar\u00e7o. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ben Nassi e a sua equipa <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/html\/2403.02817v1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">criou um verme<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que poderia atacar assistentes de correio eletr\u00f3nico alimentados por IA, roubar dados sens\u00edveis e propagar-se a outros sistemas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A equipa de Nassi visou os assistentes de correio eletr\u00f3nico equipados com o GPT-4 da OpenAI, o Gemini Pro da Google e o modelo de c\u00f3digo aberto LLaVA.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Podem ser nomes, n\u00fameros de telefone, n\u00fameros de cart\u00e3o de cr\u00e9dito, SSN, tudo o que seja considerado confidencial\" <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/here-come-the-ai-worms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nassi disse \u00e0 Wired<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sublinhando a possibilidade de viola\u00e7\u00f5es maci\u00e7as de dados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Enquanto o worm de Nassi visava principalmente os assistentes de IA, a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de Zollikofer e Zimmerman vai um passo mais longe, manipulando diretamente o c\u00f3digo do malware e escrevendo os e-mails de phishing de forma aut\u00f3noma.<\/p>\n<h2>A ciberseguran\u00e7a da IA est\u00e1 a gerar receios<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estes t\u00eam sido uns dias tumultuosos para a ciberseguran\u00e7a num contexto de IA, com <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/07\/hacktivists-steal-disney-data-citing-ai-related-data-acquisition-as-a-motive\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disney sofre uma viola\u00e7\u00e3o de dados<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00e0s m\u00e3os de um grupo de hacktivistas.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p>O grupo afirmou que estava a lutar contra as empresas de tecnologia para representar os criadores cujo trabalho protegido por direitos de autor tinha sido roubado ou o seu valor diminu\u00eddo de outra forma.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e3o h\u00e1 muito tempo, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/07\/openai-data-breach-what-we-know-risks-and-lessons-for-the-future\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span class=\"noTranslate\" data-no-translation=\"\"><span class=\"noTranslate\" data-no-translation=\"\"><span class=\"noTranslate\" data-no-translation=\"\"><span class=\"noTranslate\" data-no-translation=\"\"><span class=\"noTranslate\" data-no-translation=\"\"><span class=\"noTranslate\" data-no-translation=\"\">OpenAI<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> foi exposto<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> por terem sofrido uma viola\u00e7\u00e3o em 2023, que tentaram manter em segredo. E n\u00e3o h\u00e1 muito tempo, a OpenAI e a Microsoft <a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/02\/microsoft-and-openai-intercept-global-ai-cyber-crime-threats\/\">publicou um relat\u00f3rio<\/a> admitindo que grupos de piratas inform\u00e1ticos da R\u00fassia, da Coreia do Norte e da China tinham estado a utilizar as suas ferramentas de IA para elaborar estrat\u00e9gias de ciberataques.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Os autores do estudo, Zollikofer e Zimmerman, implementaram v\u00e1rias salvaguardas para evitar a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o indevida, incluindo a n\u00e3o partilha p\u00fablica do c\u00f3digo e o facto de deixarem deliberadamente vagos pormenores espec\u00edficos no seu artigo.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\"Estamos plenamente conscientes de que este documento apresenta um tipo de malware com grande potencial de abuso\", afirmam os investigadores na sua divulga\u00e7\u00e3o. \"Estamos a publicar isto de boa f\u00e9 e num esfor\u00e7o de sensibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o\".<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Entretanto, Nassi e os seus colegas previram que os vermes da IA poder\u00e3o come\u00e7ar a espalhar-se na natureza \"nos pr\u00f3ximos anos\" e \"desencadear\u00e3o resultados significativos e indesej\u00e1veis\".\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tendo em conta os r\u00e1pidos avan\u00e7os a que assistimos em apenas quatro meses, este calend\u00e1rio parece n\u00e3o s\u00f3 plaus\u00edvel, como potencialmente conservador.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Os investigadores revelaram um novo tipo de v\u00edrus inform\u00e1tico que aproveita o poder dos grandes modelos de linguagem (LLM) para escapar \u00e0 dete\u00e7\u00e3o e se propagar.  Este \"cancro sint\u00e9tico\", como lhe chamam os seus criadores, representa o que poder\u00e1 ser uma nova era no malware. David Zollikofer da ETH Zurich e Benjamin Zimmerman da Ohio State University desenvolveram este malware de prova de conceito como parte da sua candidatura ao Swiss AI Safety Prize.  A sua cria\u00e7\u00e3o, detalhada num documento pr\u00e9-impresso intitulado \"Synthetic Cancer - Augmenting Worms with LLMs\", demonstra o potencial de explora\u00e7\u00e3o da IA para criar novos ataques cibern\u00e9ticos altamente sofisticados.  Aqui est\u00e1 um<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13464,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[365],"class_list":["post-13463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry","tag-cybersecurity"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AI-powered &#039;synthetic cancer&#039; worm represents a new frontier in cyber threats | DailyAI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/07\/ai-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-represents-a-new-frontier-in-cyber-threats\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AI-powered &#039;synthetic cancer&#039; worm represents a new frontier in cyber threats | DailyAI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers have unveiled a new type of computer virus that harnesses the power of large language models (LLMs) to evade detection and propagate itself.\u00a0 This &#8220;synthetic cancer,&#8221; as its creators dub it, portrays what could be a new era in malware. David Zollikofer from ETH Zurich and Benjamin Zimmerman from Ohio State University developed this proof-of-concept malware as part of their submission to the Swiss AI Safety Prize.\u00a0 Their creation, detailed in a pre-print paper titled &#8220;Synthetic Cancer &#8211; Augmenting Worms with LLMs,&#8221; demonstrates the potential for AI to be exploited to create new, highly sophisticated cyber attacks.\u00a0 Here\u2019s a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/07\/ai-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-represents-a-new-frontier-in-cyber-threats\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DailyAI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-07-17T16:43:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-17T21:23:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/DALL\u00b7E-2024-07-17-17.43.05-An-AI-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-depicted-as-a-menacing-digital-entity-spreading-through-computer-systems.-The-worm-should-have-a-sleek-futuri.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1792\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sam Jeans\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@DailyAIOfficial\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DailyAIOfficial\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sam Jeans\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tempo estimado de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dailyai.com\\\/2024\\\/07\\\/ai-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-represents-a-new-frontier-in-cyber-threats\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dailyai.com\\\/2024\\\/07\\\/ai-powered-synthetic-cancer-worm-represents-a-new-frontier-in-cyber-threats\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sam Jeans\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/dailyai.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/711e81f945549438e8bbc579efdeb3c9\"},\"headline\":\"AI-powered &#8216;synthetic cancer&#8217; 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