{"id":10685,"date":"2024-03-12T19:04:30","date_gmt":"2024-03-12T19:04:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/?p=10685"},"modified":"2024-03-13T10:10:46","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T10:10:46","slug":"mayo-clinic-researchers-develop-hypothesis-driven-ai-for-medical-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/03\/mayo-clinic-researchers-develop-hypothesis-driven-ai-for-medical-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadores da Mayo Clinic desenvolvem \"IA orientada por hip\u00f3teses\" para a oncologia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Os investigadores da Cl\u00ednica Mayo desenvolveram uma tecnologia de IA inovadora, designada por \"IA baseada em hip\u00f3teses\", que diverge dos modelos convencionais de IA baseados em dados.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Os m\u00e9todos tradicionais de IA s\u00e3o excelentes na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de padr\u00f5es em grandes quantidades de dados, como sequ\u00eancias gen\u00e9ticas ou imagens de diagn\u00f3stico, mas muitas vezes n\u00e3o conseguem incorporar conhecimentos cient\u00edficos ou hip\u00f3teses existentes diretamente no seu processo de aprendizagem.<\/p>\n<p>A IA baseada em hip\u00f3teses desafia estas normas ao incorporar hip\u00f3teses m\u00e9dicas no seu processo de aprendizagem. N\u00e3o se limita a aprender com os dados que lhe s\u00e3o fornecidos - tamb\u00e9m utiliza hip\u00f3teses para explorar os dados diretamente.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Documentar a sua <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38398213\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investiga\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a> na revista Cancers<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A Mayo Clinic aplica os seus sistemas de IA orientados por hip\u00f3teses para ajudar a desvendar a din\u00e2mica de doen\u00e7as complexas como o cancro.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Escrever num <a href=\"https:\/\/newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org\/discussion\/mayo-researchers-invented-a-new-class-of-ai-to-improve-cancer-research-and-treatments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comunicado de imprensa da Cl\u00ednica Mayo<\/a>O Dr. Hu Li, autor s\u00e9nior do estudo, explicou como a IA baseada em hip\u00f3teses beneficia<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0investiga\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dica: \"Isto promove uma nova era na conce\u00e7\u00e3o de algoritmos de IA direccionados e informados para resolver quest\u00f5es cient\u00edficas, compreender melhor as doen\u00e7as e orientar a medicina individualizada.\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Eis como funciona:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Compila\u00e7\u00e3o de dados:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> A equipa, liderada por Zilin Xianyu e colegas da Cl\u00ednica Mayo, iniciou o seu estudo com a recolha de dados gen\u00f3micos (ADN), prote\u00f3micos (prote\u00ednas), transcript\u00f3micos (mensagens de ARN) e epigen\u00e9ticos (altera\u00e7\u00f5es heredit\u00e1rias que n\u00e3o afectam a sequ\u00eancia de ADN) de milhares de amostras de cancro.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Desenvolver o sistema de IA:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Com base nos dados recolhidos, os investigadores conceberam uma nova classe de algoritmos de IA conhecida como \"IA orientada por hip\u00f3teses\". Ao contr\u00e1rio dos modelos tradicionais, estes algoritmos foram concebidos exclusivamente para integrar e testar hip\u00f3teses cient\u00edficas no seu processo de aprendizagem.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em oncologia:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Com os algoritmos prontos, os investigadores aplicaram a sua IA orientada por hip\u00f3teses em v\u00e1rias \u00e1reas-chave da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o oncol\u00f3gica, como a classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de tumores, a estratifica\u00e7\u00e3o de doentes e a previs\u00e3o da resposta a medicamentos, tendo registado um melhor desempenho em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos m\u00e9todos convencionais.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_10686\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-10686\" style=\"width: 686px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10686\" src=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI.png\" alt=\"Cl\u00ednica Mayo IA\" width=\"686\" height=\"578\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI.png 937w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-300x253.png 300w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-768x648.png 768w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-14x12.png 14w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-370x312.png 370w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-800x674.png 800w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-20x17.png 20w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-740x624.png 740w, https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/hypothesis-drivenAI-57x48.png 57w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 686px) 100vw, 686px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-10686\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A descri\u00e7\u00e3o dos autores sobre o funcionamento da IA baseada em hip\u00f3teses e os seus benef\u00edcios. Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38398213\/\">Cl\u00ednica Mayo<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Daniel Billadeau, Ph.D., co-inventor do estudo e professor do Departamento de Imunologia da Mayo Clinic, declarou: \"Esta nova classe de IA abre uma nova via para compreender melhor as interac\u00e7\u00f5es entre o cancro e o sistema imunit\u00e1rio e \u00e9 muito promissora n\u00e3o s\u00f3 para testar hip\u00f3teses m\u00e9dicas, mas tamb\u00e9m para prever e explicar a forma como os doentes responder\u00e3o \u00e0s imunoterapias\".\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9 claro que existem algumas limita\u00e7\u00f5es. O Dr. Li refere os desafios da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de algoritmos t\u00e3o avan\u00e7ados, incluindo a necessidade de investiga\u00e7\u00e3o num dom\u00ednio espec\u00edfico e o risco de enviesamento.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No entanto, continua otimista, afirmando: \"No entanto, a IA orientada por hip\u00f3teses facilita interac\u00e7\u00f5es activas entre especialistas humanos e a IA que aliviam as preocupa\u00e7\u00f5es de que a IA acabe por eliminar alguns empregos profissionais\".<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O papel da IA na investiga\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dica e dos cuidados de sa\u00fade est\u00e1 em constante evolu\u00e7\u00e3o, com progressos recentes em <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2023\/12\/mit-researchers-identify-new-class-of-antibiotics-using-ai\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">investiga\u00e7\u00e3o de novos antibi\u00f3ticos<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> e sintetizando <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2023\/07\/ai-accelerates-discovery-of-anti-aging-drugs-in-new-study\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">medicamentos anti-envelhecimento.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os investigadores da Cl\u00ednica Mayo utilizaram recentemente o GPT-4 como diagn\u00f3stico <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/01\/researchers-successfully-use-gpt-4-to-recommend-stroke-treatments\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ferramenta para doentes com AVC,<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> e, no ano passado, ajudaram a desenvolver um modelo de aprendizagem autom\u00e1tica que podia <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2023\/10\/researchers-diagnose-diabetes-in-seconds-using-voice-recordings\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">diagnosticar a diabetes a partir de grava\u00e7\u00f5es de voz<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No entanto, existem riscos, como ficou patente quando mais de 100 investigadores criaram directrizes para <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/03\/researchers-create-voluntary-safety-rules-for-ai-protein-design\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">conce\u00e7\u00e3o segura de prote\u00ednas de IA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0para limitar o potencial de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o indevida.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Investigadores da Cl\u00ednica Mayo desenvolveram uma tecnologia de IA inovadora, designada por \"IA orientada por hip\u00f3teses\", que diverge dos modelos convencionais de IA orientados por dados. Os m\u00e9todos tradicionais de IA s\u00e3o excelentes na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de padr\u00f5es em grandes quantidades de dados, como sequ\u00eancias gen\u00e9ticas ou imagens de diagn\u00f3stico, mas muitas vezes n\u00e3o conseguem incorporar conhecimentos cient\u00edficos ou hip\u00f3teses existentes diretamente no seu processo de aprendizagem. A IA baseada em hip\u00f3teses desafia estas normas ao incorporar hip\u00f3teses m\u00e9dicas no seu processo de aprendizagem. N\u00e3o se limita a aprender com os dados que lhe s\u00e3o fornecidos - tamb\u00e9m utiliza hip\u00f3teses para explorar os dados diretamente. Documentando a sua investiga\u00e7\u00e3o na revista Cancers, a Mayo Clinic aplica os seus sistemas de IA orientados por hip\u00f3teses para<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10687,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[203,204,178],"class_list":["post-10685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry","tag-biotech","tag-healthcare","tag-medicine"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mayo Clinic researchers develop &quot;hypothesis-driven AI&quot; for oncology | DailyAI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers at the Mayo Clinic have developed an innovative AI technology, termed &quot;hypothesis-driven AI,&quot; which diverges from the conventional data-driven AI models.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/pt\/2024\/03\/mayo-clinic-researchers-develop-hypothesis-driven-ai-for-medical-research\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mayo Clinic researchers develop &quot;hypothesis-driven AI&quot; 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