{"id":13265,"date":"2024-07-04T18:38:04","date_gmt":"2024-07-04T18:38:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/?p=13265"},"modified":"2024-07-04T23:28:31","modified_gmt":"2024-07-04T23:28:31","slug":"new-ai-model-successfully-identifies-alzheimers-disease-using-speech-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/fr\/2024\/07\/new-ai-model-successfully-identifies-alzheimers-disease-using-speech-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"Un nouveau syst\u00e8me d'IA identifie avec succ\u00e8s la maladie d'Alzheimer gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'analyse de la parole"},"content":{"rendered":"

En analysant les mod\u00e8les de discours, des chercheurs de l'universit\u00e9 de Boston ont mis au point un syst\u00e8me d'intelligence artificielle capable de pr\u00e9dire avec une pr\u00e9cision proche de 80% si une personne atteinte d'une d\u00e9ficience cognitive l\u00e9g\u00e8re d\u00e9veloppera la maladie d'Alzheimer dans les six ans \u00e0 venir.<\/b><\/p>\n

Les <\/span>\u00e9tude<\/span><\/a>publi\u00e9e dans la revue Alzheimer's & Dementia, utilise l'IA pour extraire des informations diagnostiques pr\u00e9cieuses des \u00e9valuations cognitives, acc\u00e9l\u00e9rant ainsi le diagnostic de la maladie d'Alzheimer et, par cons\u00e9quent, son traitement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Le mod\u00e8le d'IA de l'\u00e9quipe a atteint une pr\u00e9cision de 78,5% et une sensibilit\u00e9 de 81,1% pour pr\u00e9dire la progression d'un trouble cognitif l\u00e9ger (MCI) vers la maladie d'Alzheimer dans un d\u00e9lai de six ans. Ces r\u00e9sultats sont sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux d'autres tests traditionnels et non invasifs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mais surtout, le syst\u00e8me s'appuie uniquement sur des donn\u00e9es faciles \u00e0 obtenir : le discours transcrit des \u00e9valuations cognitives et des informations d\u00e9mographiques de base telles que l'\u00e2ge, le sexe et le niveau d'\u00e9ducation. <\/span><\/p>\n

Les \u00e9valuations cognitives telles que le Boston Naming Test impliquent qu'un clinicien parle au patient. Le son de ces tests est souvent enregistr\u00e9 en vue d'une analyse ult\u00e9rieure.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Nous voulions pr\u00e9dire ce qui se passerait dans les six prochaines ann\u00e9es et nous avons constat\u00e9 que nous pouvions raisonnablement faire cette pr\u00e9diction avec une confiance et une pr\u00e9cision relativement bonnes\". <\/span>a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Ioannis (Yannis) Paschalidis<\/span><\/a>directeur de l'Institut Rafik B. Hariri d'informatique et de science et d'ing\u00e9nierie computationnelles de l'universit\u00e9 de Birmingham et l'un des principaux chercheurs de l'\u00e9tude.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Si l'on peut pr\u00e9dire ce qui va se passer, on a plus de possibilit\u00e9s et de temps pour intervenir avec des m\u00e9dicaments, et au moins essayer de maintenir la stabilit\u00e9 de l'\u00e9tat et d'emp\u00eacher la transition vers des formes plus s\u00e9v\u00e8res de d\u00e9mence\".<\/span><\/p>\n

En savoir plus sur l'\u00e9tude<\/h2>\n

Voici comment s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e l'\u00e9tude :<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. L'\u00e9quipe de recherche a commenc\u00e9 par recueillir des enregistrements audio des \u00e9valuations cognitives de 166 participants diagnostiqu\u00e9s avec une d\u00e9ficience cognitive l\u00e9g\u00e8re (DCL). Ils ont ensuite suivi ces personnes sur une p\u00e9riode de six ans afin de d\u00e9terminer qui avait \u00e9volu\u00e9 vers la maladie d'Alzheimer et qui \u00e9tait rest\u00e9 stable.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. L'\u00e9quipe a utilis\u00e9 une technologie avanc\u00e9e de reconnaissance vocale pour transcrire les enregistrements audio et pr\u00e9parer les donn\u00e9es pour l'analyse.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Ensuite, les chercheurs ont appliqu\u00e9 des techniques sophistiqu\u00e9es de traitement du langage naturel pour extraire un large \u00e9ventail de caract\u00e9ristiques et de mod\u00e8les linguistiques qui, selon eux, pourraient servir d'indicateurs du risque de maladie d'Alzheimer.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Ils ont ensuite utilis\u00e9 les caract\u00e9ristiques vocales et les informations d\u00e9mographiques pour d\u00e9velopper plusieurs mod\u00e8les d'apprentissage automatique.<\/li>\n
  5. Ces mod\u00e8les d'IA ont \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7us pour pr\u00e9dire la probabilit\u00e9 qu'une personne donn\u00e9e passe d'une d\u00e9ficience cognitive l\u00e9g\u00e8re \u00e0 la maladie d'Alzheimer, sur la base de son mode d'\u00e9locution unique et de ses caract\u00e9ristiques personnelles.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Les mod\u00e8les ont atteint une pr\u00e9cision de 78,5% et une sensibilit\u00e9 de 81,1% pour pr\u00e9dire quels participants d\u00e9velopperaient la maladie d'Alzheimer au cours de la p\u00e9riode d'\u00e9tude de six ans.<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Dans une analyse finale, l'\u00e9quipe de recherche a identifi\u00e9 les tests cognitifs ayant le plus grand pouvoir pr\u00e9dictif du risque d'Alzheimer, tels que le Boston Naming Test, les tests de similarit\u00e9 et l'\u00e9chelle d'intelligence de Wechsler pour adultes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"Le num\u00e9rique est le nouveau sang\", a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Rhoda Au, professeur \u00e0 l'\u00e9cole de m\u00e9decine Chobanian & Avedisian de l'universit\u00e9 de Boston et coauteur de l'\u00e9tude.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"Vous pouvez les collecter, les analyser en fonction de ce qui est connu aujourd'hui, les stocker et les r\u00e9analyser en fonction de ce qui \u00e9mergera demain.<\/span><\/p>\n

    L'un des aspects les plus int\u00e9ressants de l'\u00e9tude est que certaines parties des \u00e9valuations cognitives \u00e9taient particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9dictives du risque futur de maladie d'Alzheimer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"Notre analyse a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que les sous-tests li\u00e9s aux questions d\u00e9mographiques, le Boston Naming Test, les tests de similarit\u00e9 et l'\u00e9chelle d'intelligence des adultes de Wechsler \u00e9taient les principales caract\u00e9ristiques \u00e0 l'origine des performances de notre mod\u00e8le\", notent les chercheurs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Cela pourrait permettre d'\u00e9laborer des \u00e9valuations cognitives plus cibl\u00e9es, ce qui simplifierait encore le processus de d\u00e9pistage.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bien que les r\u00e9sultats soient prometteurs, les chercheurs admettent la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d'une validation plus pouss\u00e9e dans des populations plus importantes et plus diversifi\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    La reconnaissance vocale peut ouvrir la voie \u00e0 un diagnostic pr\u00e9coce<\/h2>\n

    L'analyse de la parole s'est r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e \u00eatre une technique pr\u00e9cieuse pour pr\u00e9dire la maladie d'Alzheimer et d'autres maladies. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Dans un <\/span>\u00c9tude 2020<\/span><\/a> Comme dans l'\u00e9tude de l'universit\u00e9 de Boston, les chercheurs de l'universit\u00e9 de Sheffield ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 la capacit\u00e9 de leur IA \u00e0 distinguer les participants atteints de la maladie d'Alzheimer ou d'une d\u00e9ficience cognitive l\u00e9g\u00e8re de ceux souffrant de troubles cognitifs fonctionnels ou de t\u00e9moins sains, avec une pr\u00e9cision de 86,7%.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Les chercheurs de Klick Labs ont \u00e9galement <\/span>a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 un mod\u00e8le d'IA<\/span><\/a> qui peut d\u00e9tecter le diab\u00e8te de type 2 \u00e0 l'aide de brefs enregistrements vocaux de 6 \u00e0 10 secondes seulement. <\/span>Un diab\u00e8te avanc\u00e9 peut avoir un impact sur la voix en raison des l\u00e9sions nerveuses, de l'alt\u00e9ration de la circulation sanguine et de la s\u00e9cheresse buccale, ce qui entra\u00eene des changements d\u00e9tectables.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    L'\u00e9tude a analys\u00e9 18 000 enregistrements afin d'identifier les diff\u00e9rences acoustiques subtiles entre les diab\u00e9tiques et les non-diab\u00e9tiques. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Combin\u00e9 \u00e0 des facteurs tels que l'\u00e2ge et l'IMC, le mod\u00e8le a atteint une pr\u00e9cision maximale de 89% pour les femmes et de 86% pour les hommes.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ensemble, ces \u00e9tudes prouvent que les tests non invasifs et les m\u00e9thodes de diagnostic assist\u00e9s par l'IA pourraient permettre un traitement plus rapide et plus efficace, m\u00eame en l'absence de m\u00e9decins et d'\u00e9quipements sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    En analysant les mod\u00e8les de discours, des chercheurs de l'universit\u00e9 de Boston ont mis au point un syst\u00e8me d'intelligence artificielle capable de pr\u00e9dire avec une pr\u00e9cision proche de 80% si une personne souffrant de troubles cognitifs l\u00e9gers d\u00e9veloppera la maladie d'Alzheimer dans les six ans \u00e0 venir. L'\u00e9tude, publi\u00e9e dans la revue Alzheimer's & Dementia, utilise l'IA pour extraire des informations diagnostiques pr\u00e9cieuses des \u00e9valuations cognitives, afin d'acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer le diagnostic de la maladie d'Alzheimer et, par cons\u00e9quent, son traitement. Le mod\u00e8le d'IA de l'\u00e9quipe a atteint une pr\u00e9cision de 78,5% et une sensibilit\u00e9 de 81,1% pour pr\u00e9dire la progression d'un trouble cognitif l\u00e9ger (MCI) vers la maladie d'Alzheimer dans un d\u00e9lai de six ans. Ces r\u00e9sultats sont sup\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 ceux d'autres tests traditionnels et non invasifs. Mais surtout, le syst\u00e8me s'appuie sur les \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13269,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[353,204,178],"class_list":["post-13265","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethics","tag-biology","tag-healthcare","tag-medicine"],"yoast_head":"\nNew AI system successfully identifies Alzheimer's disease using speech analysis | DailyAI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/fr\/2024\/07\/new-ai-model-successfully-identifies-alzheimers-disease-using-speech-analysis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New AI system successfully identifies Alzheimer's disease using speech analysis | DailyAI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By analyzing speech patterns, researchers at Boston University have developed an AI system that can predict with nearly 80% accuracy whether someone with mild cognitive impairment will develop Alzheimer’s disease within six years. The study, published in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia, uses AI to extract valuable diagnostic information from cognitive assessments, accelerating Alzheimer\u2019s diagnosis and, in turn, treatment.\u00a0 The team’s AI model achieved an accuracy of 78.5% and a sensitivity of 81.1% in predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer’s disease within a six-year timeframe. This beats other traditional and non-invasive tests. Crucially, though, the system relies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/fr\/2024\/07\/new-ai-model-successfully-identifies-alzheimers-disease-using-speech-analysis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"DailyAI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-07-04T18:38:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-07-04T23:28:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/DALL\u00b7E-2024-07-04-19.41.55-A-high-quality-landscape-image-of-an-AI-brain-analyzing-speech-patterns-to-identify-Alzheimers-disease.-The-scene-is-simple-and-futuristic-featurin.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1792\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sam Jeans\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" 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