{"id":10004,"date":"2024-02-13T19:30:32","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T19:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/?p=10004"},"modified":"2024-02-16T00:28:43","modified_gmt":"2024-02-16T00:28:43","slug":"researchers-develop-an-immersive-ai-therapy-system-named-xaia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/fr\/2024\/02\/researchers-develop-an-immersive-ai-therapy-system-named-xaia\/","title":{"rendered":"Des chercheurs d\u00e9veloppent un syst\u00e8me de th\u00e9rapie immersive par l'IA appel\u00e9 XAIA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Des chercheurs de Cedars-Sinai ont mis au point un outil d'aide \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 mentale en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 virtuelle (VR) baptis\u00e9 \"eXtended-reality Artificial Intelligence Assistant\" (XAIA).\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Les \u00e9tude<\/a> de chercheurs de Cedars-Sinai, sous la direction de Brennan M. R. Spiegel, et publi\u00e9e dans la revue Nature's <\/span>M\u00e9decine num\u00e9rique npj<\/span>Ce projet utilise l'IA, l'informatique spatiale et la RV pour immerger les utilisateurs dans des environnements apaisants, inspir\u00e9s de la nature, o\u00f9 ils engagent des conversations th\u00e9rapeutiques avec un avatar de l'IA.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Le syst\u00e8me a utilis\u00e9 le GPT-4 pour offrir des s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie immersive \u00e0 14 personnes souffrant d'anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 ou de d\u00e9pression l\u00e9g\u00e8re \u00e0 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e. XAIA est accessible avec le casque Apple Vision Pro VR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chercheur principal Brennan Spiegel, MD, MSHS<\/a>a \u00e9crit dans un blog de Cedars-Sinai : \"Apple Vision Pro offre une porte d'entr\u00e9e dans le monde de Xaia, celui du soutien immersif et interactif \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 comportementale - des avanc\u00e9es que je ne peux que d\u00e9crire comme un bond en avant par rapport aux technologies pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes.<\/p>\n

Et de poursuivre : \"Avec Xaia et le superbe \u00e9cran d'Apple Vision Pro, nous sommes en mesure d'exploiter chaque pixel de cette r\u00e9solution remarquable et tout le spectre des couleurs vives pour cr\u00e9er une forme de th\u00e9rapie immersive qui est engageante et profond\u00e9ment personnelle\".<\/p>\n

Pour former l'IA, Spiegel et son \u00e9quipe ont int\u00e9gr\u00e9 des transcriptions de s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC) men\u00e9es par des th\u00e9rapeutes exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s, en mettant l'accent sur l'empathie, la validation et la communication efficace.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9ponses de l'IA ont \u00e9t\u00e9 affin\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des tests it\u00e9ratifs, dans le cadre desquels des th\u00e9rapeutes ont jou\u00e9 le r\u00f4le de divers sc\u00e9narios cliniques. Cela a permis d'am\u00e9liorer en permanence la communication psychoth\u00e9rapeutique du syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"IA
Des chercheurs ont utilis\u00e9 l'informatique spatiale, la RV et l'IA (GPT-4) pour cr\u00e9er un chatbot th\u00e9rapeutique immersif. Source : Nature<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Les participants ont discut\u00e9 de divers sujets avec l'IA, ce qui a permis aux chercheurs de documenter l'application des techniques psychoth\u00e9rapeutiques par l'IA. Dans l'ensemble, XAIA a \u00e9t\u00e9 remarqu\u00e9e pour sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 exprimer de l'empathie, de la sympathie et de la validation, am\u00e9liorant ainsi l'exp\u00e9rience th\u00e9rapeutique.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Par exemple, la r\u00e9ponse empathique de XAIA \u00e0 l'exp\u00e9rience d'un participant qui se sentait exclu a \u00e9t\u00e9 la suivante : \"Je suis d\u00e9sol\u00e9e d'apprendre que vous vous \u00eates sentie rejet\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re aussi d\u00e9finitive, en particulier lorsque vous recherchiez ce qui est important pour vous. Cela a d\u00fb \u00eatre une exp\u00e9rience difficile.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les chercheurs ont effectu\u00e9 une analyse th\u00e9matique qualitative des commentaires des participants, ce qui sugg\u00e8re une appr\u00e9ciation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l'absence de jugement de l'IA et de la qualit\u00e9 des environnements de RV.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Selon certains, XAIA pourrait constituer une alternative int\u00e9ressante \u00e0 la th\u00e9rapie traditionnelle, en particulier pour les personnes qui recherchent l'anonymat ou qui sont r\u00e9ticentes \u00e0 l'id\u00e9e de participer \u00e0 des s\u00e9ances en face-\u00e0-face.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D'autres ont soulign\u00e9 l'importance de l'interaction humaine et les avantages uniques du contact avec un th\u00e9rapeute humain.<\/span><\/p>\n

L'\u00e9tude a \u00e9galement mis en \u00e9vidence des points \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer, tels que la tendance de l'IA \u00e0 poser trop de questions aux participants ou \u00e0 ne pas explorer suffisamment les r\u00e9actions \u00e9motionnelles aux \u00e9v\u00e9nements importants de la vie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Brennan Spiegel a pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 la mission de l'outil : \"Bien que cette technologie ne soit pas destin\u00e9e \u00e0 remplacer les psychologues, mais plut\u00f4t \u00e0 les renforcer, nous avons cr\u00e9\u00e9 XAIA en gardant \u00e0 l'esprit l'acc\u00e8s, en veillant \u00e0 ce que la technologie puisse fournir un soutien significatif en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 mentale au sein des communaut\u00e9s\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Cela semble \u00eatre un point de d\u00e9part int\u00e9ressant pour une exploration plus approfondie des environnements th\u00e9rapeutiques immersifs, qui pourraient certainement b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier \u00e0 certaines personnes qui ne sont pas en mesure d'acc\u00e9der \u00e0 une th\u00e9rapie en personne ou qui souhaitent rester priv\u00e9es et anonymes dans leurs discussions.<\/p>\n

L'IA pour analyser les conversations th\u00e9rapeutiques<\/h2>\n

En plus de jouer le r\u00f4le de th\u00e9rapeute, l'IA a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour analyser la dynamique des conversations th\u00e9rapeutiques r\u00e9elles.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dans une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en 2023, des chercheurs ont utilis\u00e9 l'IA pour d\u00e9cortiquer les s\u00e9ances de psychoth\u00e9rapie, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant ainsi que certains types de discours pourraient bien \u00eatre la cl\u00e9 de la compr\u00e9hension du lien entre les th\u00e9rapeutes et leurs patients.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cette recherche est motiv\u00e9e par un dilemme de longue date dans le domaine de la psychoth\u00e9rapie : comment \u00e9valuer avec pr\u00e9cision et am\u00e9liorer l'alliance th\u00e9rapeutique ?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Publi\u00e9 dans le <\/span>journal iScience<\/span><\/a>L'\u00e9tude a montr\u00e9 comment les pronoms personnels et les h\u00e9sitations de la parole signalent la profondeur du lien entre le th\u00e9rapeute et le patient.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ce terme fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la relation essentielle entre les th\u00e9rapeutes et leurs patients, une base essentielle pour une th\u00e9rapie efficace.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Traditionnellement, la compr\u00e9hension de cette relation a \u00e9t\u00e9 une affaire subjective, reposant sur des r\u00e9cits personnels et des observations de tiers, qui, bien qu'utiles, peuvent manquer la dynamique fluide des s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie r\u00e9elles.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Des chercheurs de l'Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai ont vu une opportunit\u00e9 d'utiliser l'apprentissage automatique pour clarifier ce qui fait que la communication th\u00e9rapeutique fonctionne.<\/span><\/p>\n

L'\u00e9tude s'est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e dans des cliniques de la ville de New York, avec 28 patients et 18 th\u00e9rapeutes participant \u00e0 diverses s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie. Avant le d\u00e9but des s\u00e9ances, les patients ont r\u00e9fl\u00e9chi \u00e0 leurs relations th\u00e9rapeutiques pass\u00e9es et \u00e0 leurs styles d'attachement au moyen d'enqu\u00eates en ligne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les chercheurs ont utilis\u00e9 l'apprentissage automatique pour analyser les transcriptions des sessions \u00e0 l'aide du traitement du langage naturel (NLP), en se concentrant sur l'utilisation de pronoms tels que \"je\" et \"nous\" et de marqueurs de non-fluidit\u00e9 tels que \"hum\" et \"comme\".<\/span><\/p>\n

La fa\u00e7on dont les th\u00e9rapeutes et les patients utilisent les pronoms personnels semble affecter l'alliance.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Par exemple, l'\u00e9tude a montr\u00e9 que lorsque les th\u00e9rapeutes utilisaient fr\u00e9quemment le \"nous\", cela ne renfor\u00e7ait pas toujours l'alliance comme on pourrait s'y attendre, en particulier dans les cas impliquant des troubles de la personnalit\u00e9. Cela va \u00e0 l'encontre de l'hypoth\u00e8se habituelle selon laquelle un langage inclusif renforce automatiquement les liens.<\/span><\/p>\n

En outre, le fait que l'une ou l'autre des parties s'appuie trop sur le \"je\" est li\u00e9 \u00e0 des \u00e9valuations d'alliance plus faibles, ce qui laisse entrevoir les pi\u00e8ges potentiels d'une trop grande focalisation sur soi lors des s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Les auteurs ont \u00e9crit : \"Notre principale constatation est que l'utilisation plus fr\u00e9quente de pronoms \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re personne par les th\u00e9rapeutes et les patients (\"nous\", \"je fais\", \"je pense\", \"quand je\") caract\u00e9rise les s\u00e9ances o\u00f9 l'\u00e9valuation de l'alliance est plus faible\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Un r\u00e9sultat inattendu a \u00e9t\u00e9 que les h\u00e9sitations, souvent consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme un marqueur n\u00e9gatif de la conversation, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9es \u00e0 des notes d'alliance plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es, ce qui sugg\u00e8re que la pause pourrait favoriser l'authenticit\u00e9 et l'engagement. <\/span><\/p>\n

Des recherches ant\u00e9rieures ont montr\u00e9 que les pauses sont un \u00e9l\u00e9ment cl\u00e9 d'une conversation v\u00e9ritablement r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Selon les chercheurs : \"Nous avons constat\u00e9 qu'un niveau de non-fluidit\u00e9 plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 chez les patients (par exemple, \"c'est comme\", \"hum\"), mais pas chez les th\u00e9rapeutes, caract\u00e9risait les s\u00e9ances o\u00f9 l'\u00e9valuation de l'alliance par les patients \u00e9tait plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e\".<\/span><\/p>\n

Les chercheurs ont \u00e9galement soulign\u00e9 que l'\u00e9tendue de l'\u00e9tude et sa nature observationnelle font que ces corr\u00e9lations ne sont pas totalement fiables.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L'IA a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour l'analyse de la parole dans le domaine m\u00e9dical, par exemple lorsque des chercheurs de l'UCL et de l'Universit\u00e9 d'Oxford ont mis au point un logiciel d'analyse de la parole. <\/span>pour d\u00e9tecter les cas potentiels de schizophr\u00e9nie<\/span><\/a> \u00e0 partir de mod\u00e8les de discours.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Des chercheurs de Cedars-Sinai ont mis au point un outil d'aide \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 mentale bas\u00e9 sur l'IA et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 virtuelle, baptis\u00e9 \"eXtended-reality Artificial Intelligence Assistant\" (XAIA). L'\u00e9tude des chercheurs de Cedars-Sinai, dirig\u00e9e par Brennan M. R. Spiegel et publi\u00e9e dans Nature's npj Digital Medicine, utilise l'IA, l'informatique spatiale et la RV pour immerger les utilisateurs dans des environnements apaisants, inspir\u00e9s de la nature, o\u00f9 ils s'engagent dans des conversations th\u00e9rapeutiques avec un avatar de l'IA. Le syst\u00e8me a utilis\u00e9 le GPT-4 pour offrir des s\u00e9ances de th\u00e9rapie immersive \u00e0 14 personnes souffrant d'anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 ou de d\u00e9pression l\u00e9g\u00e8re \u00e0 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e. XAIA est accessible avec le casque Apple Vision Pro VR. Le chercheur principal, Brennan Spiegel, MD, MSHS, a \u00e9crit dans<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10005,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[144,534],"class_list":["post-10004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethics","tag-nlp","tag-therapy"],"yoast_head":"\nResearchers develop an immersive AI therapy system named XAIA | DailyAI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Researchers from Cedars-Sinai developed a virtual reality (VR) AI mental health support tool named the eXtended-reality Artificial Intelligence Assistant (XAIA).\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dailyai.com\/fr\/2024\/02\/researchers-develop-an-immersive-ai-therapy-system-named-xaia\/\" 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